Binder.



No. 829,323. PATENTED AUG. 21, 1906.

F. A. CLEVELAND'.

BINDER.

APPLIO'ATION FILED JULY 7. 1905.

l l l @Ma/J Q (Ma/M4 /NVENTOH/ v Byf//s ATTORNEY .WQ

UNITED STATLE`S PATENT OFFIOE.

FREDERICK AHOLEVEIJAND, OF NEW YORK, N; Y.

. BINDER.

y Speecaton of Letters Patent.

Patented Aug.. 21, 1906.

Application filed July 7, 1905. Serial No. 268.662.

v Tol all whom it mayy concern:

Be it known that I, FREDERICK A. CLEVE- LAND, a citizen of the UnitedvStates, and a resident ojfI N ewYork, inthecounty of New Yorl'-and Stateof New York, have invented certain new vand usefulv Improvements inBinders, ofwhich the following is a specification.

Thisi invention `relates to a device which may -bel appliedl toVibinders of the loose-leaf type, theobject being to. rovide a deviceof.v

simple-construction -whic 4may be .use d in connection zwithcoversforbinders of this class, whichnmaytbe easily operated, and whichwillbepositive in its action.

The `user of binders of this description is welliunder'stooda'nd it isnotI thought necessaryqtoenter intoan explanation of their operationfurther than to'state the principal requirement, which is .that anynumber of pages or leaves ymay-be inserted, replaced, or takenoutwithout disturbingv .the .remaining leaves.

.The object of my invention is` to provide a f clamping-sectionfwhichmay be attached totheycovers ofthe binder. These clampingsections arenormally held apart by the action of springs contained intelescopingmembers attached `to. said:clamping-sections in the usual manner.Attached to one of these clamping-sections, preferably; ythe upper, I

:provide a post which carries a pawl or dog which is adapted to engageprojections on the interior/of va coperating postV or casing which is.secured to the lower clamping-section. i `Thislatter post or casingisadapted to telescopeover the post carrying the pawl or dog. Theconstruction of these parts is suchxthatwhen theclamping-sections are inthe )position shown in the drawings a free inward .movement is permittedand the pawl or dogwilloperate to prevent an outward movement ofthemembers. -As the position of the covers is reversed, the pawlor dog willdrop out of engagement with the outer casing into an inoperativeposition, allowing the clampingmembers to be lseparated by the action of.the-springs heretofore referred tov or. by other suitable means.

vThe construction and Ioperation of the-:de-

vice will be more fully explained inconnection with' the drawingsaccompanying-this specification.

v Figure l isfa perspective side elevation of a :pair ofclamping-sectionsvor :binder-frames with the4 covers and` leaves.`ofwthebook omitted. Fig. 2 isan enlarged side elevation in sectionof-the post and casing carrying; the locking mechanism-1. Fig. 3isrianf-enlarged side elevation andi-detailview showing-the end-view ofthe pawl or dog in position at the.

lower end of the post carrying .the same as in` Fig.. 2. Fig, 4 isfanenlarged side elevation in section of `thepostiand casing,-,showing almodification of the locking mechanism. v iFig.

5 is anenlarged side lview of; the lower end of"4 the post carryingthepawl or dogishown in Fig. 4.

In Fig. `l at l and 2 is shownanupperand lower yclamping-section,respectively, lwhich may` be attached yby"any'suitabletmeansi to:v

the covers of the binder, or, if;=preferred,\.the coversl themselves.may form the clampingsections and have the lockingfdevice attacheddirectly thereto.

At 3 3 are shown telescoping-members cone.

taining springs which operatenormallyto separate the clamping-sections.land 2.

lAt 4 is shown a ypost which-maybe attached to the upperclamping-section 'tt-,by

any suitable means .and preferably in! such afi ymanner that it may berotated .thereini This `may be accomplished by socketing` the .upper endofthepost in the clampingmember 1,-. as shown, and ,holding the same inpositionby means of an ordinary flat-head screw. "This screw may besecured in Ithe post 4.byyany suitable means, and by usingflan.`ordinary screw-driver in. the slot thereof; the post ,may

be readily rotated inits. socket.

- At the lower end ofl the poste maybeprovided a slot in which a slidingpawl,.such as 5, as shown in the construction*illustrated` by Fig. 2, iscarried. Thispawlhas an opening or slot therein, such as 5, which isofsuch a shape and. size as=to permit -a limited movement of the'pawl 5on either side of theretaining-pins 6.and 6.

The -lower end of the slot inzthe post 4 is provided with a beveledsurface.v or wallv 7,

upon which thepawl 5 is operated. byngravity.

into or out of engagement with the inner surface of the casing 8. Thepawl 5 is lnot at- IOO . a length to permit sufficient movement of the ypawl, so that `the projections from the outer tached or iXed in positionin the slot in the post 4, but is retained therein and limited in itsmovement by means of the pins 6 land 6. The outeredge of the pawl 5 isprovided with one or more projections which are adapted to engagecorresponding projections on the interior of the casing 8 when themembers stand in the position shown in the drawings.

When the positionof the covers and attached parts is reversed, the pawl5 will drop back by gravity out o f engagement with the casing 8 andallow the partsnto be separated, as already described." y

The casing 8 may be secured to the lower clamping member 2 by anysuitableI means, such as by threading the same therein, as shown, orotherwise.

Referring to Figs. 4 and 5, a pawl 9 of someiv what differentconstruction is shown.

The recess in the lower end of the post 4 has the inner surface thereof,against which the pawl 9 rests, formed at slight angle with the center.line ofthe post 4 and is also curved outwardly, so -as to throw thepawl into engage ment with the projections on the inner surface of thecasing 8 when the parts stand in the position shown inthe drawings, inwhich position gravity operates to move the pawl to the Vlower end ofthe recess;

When the position of the covers is reversed, the pawl 9 will drop to theopposite end of the recess, which is beveled in such a manner that thepawl which is beveled correspondingly is moved inwardly and out ofengagement with the casing, so permitting the members to be separated.

A pin 10 projects from the post 4 into a slot 11 in the pawl 9. Thisslot is so formed as todimit the movement of the pawl 9 and prevent thesame from binding or wedging between the post and casing, but is of suchsurface thereof engage' the projections on the interior of the casing 8.In this position the covers may be pressed together and will be held bythe action of the pawl, as described.

The projections or serrations on the interior of the casing arepreferably in the form of a screw-thread or spiral, and the projectionson the surface of the pawl are made correspondingly. The object of thisis to permit of a further tightening of the covers after the same havebeen pressed down upon the leaves. This may be eifected by rotating thepost carrying the pawl by the use of a screw-driver in the slot of thescrew at the upper end of the said post, or a lrnurled head `may beprovided to allow the same to be turned by hand or by other suitablemeans.

It will be noted that the device herein shown and described as anillustration of an operative embodiment of my invention is composed of avery small number of parts and that such parts are of a simpleconstruction and may be easily and. cheaply manufactured. It will alsobe noted that the device when assembled is very compact inform and thatthe operating parts are self-contained within the same. I do not confinemyself, however, to the exact details of construction shown anddescribed, as it will be evident that various modifications and changesmay be made therein to adapt the device to vits several uses withoutdeparting from 'the'scope ofv my invention.

What I claim isl. In a binder,the combination of a pair of telescopingmembers, one of 's'aidlmembersf having a projecting stop adaptedtolimi-tthe.;

movement of a pawl or dog toward lNits2 opera-frir tive position, and asliding pawl or dog@ adapted to engage said stop and also adapted to'lock said telescoping membersin positionand to release the same whenreversed. 1

2. ,In a'binder, the combination of a pair bf2 telescoping members, oneof said members having a sto'p adapted to limit the move-V ment of apawly or dog toward its operative' position, and a sliding pawl or dogadapted to engage said stop and also adapted to prevent the separationof said telescoping members.

3. In a binder, the combination of a pair ofl clamping members, a posthaving a recess therein attached to one of said members, al sliding pawlor dog provided with a serrated surface having a limited outwardmovement carried by said post in said recess in such a manner that themovement thereof in one direction is outward so that a portion thereofwill engage the inner surface of a casing, and I a casing secured to theother of said clamp ing members and adapted to telescope over said post,substantially as described.

4. In a binder, the combination of a pair of telescoping members, one ofsaid members having a recess therein and a projecting stop adapted tolimit the movement of a pawl or dog toward its operative position, and asliding pawl or dog adapted to engage said stop and also adapted toprevent the separa- `tion of said telescoping members.

5. In a binder, the combination of a pairof telescoping members, one ofsaid members having a slot therein and a projecting stop adapted tolimit the movement of a pawl or dog toward its operative position, and asliding pawl or dog positioned in said slot adapted to engage said stopand also adapted to prevent the separation of said telescoping members.

6. In a binder, the combination of a pair of clamping members, a posthaving a recess at the lower end thereof, said recess having an inclinedportion forming a wall thereof, a sliding pawl or dog provided with 'aserrated surface having a limited outward movement carried by said postand adapted'to be operated by gravity on said inclined portion ofk saidrecess in said post and adapted to Ven-V IOO gage the inner surface of acasing, and a casing having a threaded inner surface secured to theother of said clamping members and adapted to telescope over said post,substantially as described.

7. In a binder, the combination of a pair of clamping members, a posthaving a recess at the lower end thereof, said recess having an inclinedportion adapted to engagea pawl or dog and throw the same intoanoperative position and also having an inclined portion adapted toengage said -pawl or dog and throw the same into an inoperativeposition, a sliding pawl or dog provided with a serrated surface havinga limited movement to ward its operative position and adapted toalternately engage the aforesaid inclined portions of said recess and tobe thrown into and out of engagement with the inner surface of a casingby the action of gravity as the position of the same is reversed, and acasing adapted to telescope over said post, substantially as described.

8. In a binder, the combination of a pair of clamping members, a posthaving a recess therein and having a stop projecting from a wall of saidrecess, a sliding pawl or dog carried by said post in said recess insuch a manner that the movement thereof is limited by said stop andadapted to engage the inner surface of a casing, and a casing secured tothe other of said clamping members and adapted to telescope over saidpost, substantially as described.

9. In a binder, the combination of a pair of clamping members, a posthaving a recess therein and having a pin forming a stop projecting froma wall of said recess, a sliding pawl or dog carried by said post insaid recess in such a manner that the movement thereof is limited bysaid stop and adapted to engage the inner surface of a casing, and acasing secured to the other of said clamping members and adapted totelescope over said post, substantially as described.

10. In a binder, the combination of a pair of clamping members, a posthaving a recess therein, said recess having a beveled portion forming awall thereof adapted to engage a pawl or dog and throw the sameoutwardly into suoli a position that a portion thereof will engage theinner surface of a casing, a sliding pawl or dog provided with aserrated surface having a limited outward movement and adapted to engagesaid beveled portion of said recess and adapted to be thrown intoengagement with the inner surface of a casing when operated by gravity,and a casing adapted to telescope over said post, substantially asdescribed.

11. In a binder the combination of a pair of clamping members, a posthaving a recess at the lower end thereof, said recess having a beveledportion adapted to engage a pawl or dog and throw the same intoengagement with the casing and also having a beveled portion adapted toengage said pawl or dog and hold the same in an inoperative position inrelation to said casing, a sliding pawl or dog provided with a serratedsurface having a limited movement toward its operative position andadapted to be operated by gravity in said recess and in conjunction withsaid beveled portion thereof into and out of engagement with a casing,and a casing adapted to telescope over said post, substantially asdescribed.

12. In a binder, the combination of a pair of clamping members, a posthaving a recess therein, said recess having a wall thereof adapted toengage a pawl or dog and move the same outwardly into engagement with acasing, a stop protruding from said wall of said recess and adapted tolimit the movement of said pawl or dog in said recess, a sliding pawl ordog adapted to be operated by gravity in conjunction with said wall ofsaid recess and to have the movement thereof limited by said stop andadapted to engage the inner surface of a casing when moved to itsextreme position in one direction, and a easing adapted to telescopeover said post, substantially as described.

18. In a binder the combination of a pair of clamping members, a posthaving a recess therein, a stop attached to said post in said recess, asliding pawl or dog carried by said post in said recess and having aportion thereof adapted to be engaged by said stop to limit the movementthereof toward its operative position and also having a portion thereofadapted to engage the inner surface of a casing, and a casing adapted totelescope over said post, substantially as described.

14. In a binder, the combination of a pair of clamping members, a posthaving a recess therein, a pin forming a stop attached to said post insaid recess, a sliding pawl or dog carried by said post in said recesshaving a slot therein adapted to be engaged by said pin to limit themovement thereof and also having a portion thereof adapted to engage theinner surface of a casing, and a casing adapted to telescope over saidpost, substantially as described.

15. In a binder-lock, in combination, a pair of clamping members, .apost attached to one of said clamping members, a pin forming a guidecarried by said post, a pawl or dog having a slot therein adapted toengage said pin and to be guided thereby into an operative position whenthe members are in one position and into an inoperative position whenthe members are reversed, a casing secured to the other of said clampingmembers and adapted to telescope over said post.

16. In a binder-lock, in combination, a pair of telescoping members, apawl or dog carried by one of said members and adapted to engage theother of said members, and a IOO IZO

IOy

stop adapted to limit the movement of said pawl or dog toward itsoperative position.

17. In a binder-look, in combination, a pair of teleseoping members, anda pawl or dog carried by one of said members and adapted to engage aportion thereof to limit the movement of said pawl or dog toward itsoperative position.

18. In a binder-look, in combination, a pair of telescoping members, apin carried by one of said members, and a pawl or dog adapted to engagesaid pin to limit the movement thereof toward its operative position.

19. In a binder-lock, in combination, a pair of teleseoping members, apin carried by i 5 one of said members, and a pawl or dog having a slottherein, said slot being adapted to engage said pin to limit themovement of said pawl or dog toward its operative position.

Signed at New York, in the county of New zo York and State of New York,this 28th day of June, A. D. 1905.

FREDERICK A. CLEVELAND.

Witnesses:

LEwIs J. DOOLITTLE, ALBERT T. JOHNSTON, Jr.

